Labrador Retrievers are generally healthy, robust dogs, but like all breeds, they can be prone to a few hereditary and lifestyle-related issues. Understanding these conditions early can help owners spot warning signs, choose reputable breeders and take steps to keep their dogs healthier for longer.

For a full overview of the breed, including temperament and care information, see our complete guide:
Labrador Retriever

1. Hip and Elbow Dysplasia

Hip and elbow dysplasia are among the most recognised hereditary issues in Labradors. These conditions affect the joints and can lead to stiffness, pain and reduced mobility.

Prevention Tips:

• Choose puppies from health-tested parents with excellent hip and elbow scores.
• Avoid over-exercising young puppies, especially on hard surfaces.
• Maintain a healthy adult weight — obesity greatly increases joint strain.

The Kennel Club’s hip scoring scheme is widely used across the UK and is a valuable resource when selecting a breeder.

2. Obesity

Labradors are famously food-motivated, which makes them easy to train — but also easy to overfeed. Obesity can lead to diabetes, joint issues and heart strain.

Prevention Tips:

• Stick to strict feeding guidelines.
• Use part of their daily food allowance as training treats.
• Ensure daily walks and regular off-lead exercise in safe areas.
• Monitor weight monthly and adjust food accordingly.

3. Progressive Retinal Atrophy (PRA)

PRA is an inherited eye disease that can eventually lead to blindness. Reputable UK breeders now test for PRA to reduce the risk of passing it on.

Prevention Tips:

• Always ask breeders for DNA eye test certificates.
• Get annual vet eye checks to catch problems early.
• Watch for early signs like night blindness or hesitating in low light.

4. Ear Infections

Because Labradors have floppy ears and love water, moisture can become trapped, creating an ideal environment for bacteria and yeast.

Prevention Tips:

• Dry ears thoroughly after swimming or baths.
• Use vet-approved ear cleaners regularly.
• Avoid inserting cotton buds deep into the ear canal.

5. Allergies and Skin Conditions

Labradors can develop allergies to food ingredients, pollen, dust mites or fleas. Symptoms often include itching, skin redness, hair thinning and ear inflammation.

Prevention Tips:

• Use vet-recommended flea treatment.
• Keep bedding clean and vacuum regularly.
• Try elimination diets if food allergies are suspected.
• Use gentle, hypoallergenic shampoos.

6. Gastric Dilatation Volvulus (Bloat)

Although less common in Labradors than in deeper-chested breeds, bloat is still a serious condition. It involves the stomach twisting and filling with gas — a veterinary emergency.

Prevention Tips:

• Feed two smaller meals rather than one large one.
• Avoid fast eating with slow-feeder bowls.
• Keep vigorous exercise separate from meal times.

Conclusion

While Labradors are a hardy and generally healthy breed, being aware of these common conditions helps owners act early and prevent problems where possible. Choosing a reputable breeder, providing high-quality nutrition, maintaining a healthy weight and ensuring regular veterinary check-ups all play a vital role in keeping Labradors thriving.

For a broader look at the Labrador’s characteristics, care needs and temperament, visit our full breed guide:
Labrador Retriever